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Electromagnetic induction analogy

You can use the following analogy when attempting to explain the production of a voltage by the cutting of magnetic field lines. Imagine a cornfield with the combine harvester cutting the corn stalks. The cutting is more effective when the cutting edge is at right angles to the corn stalks. This is an analogy with the cutting of magnetic flux by a wire - it is more effective and so generates a greater potential when the wire is moving at right angles to the field direction.


At positions A the blades are cutting through the corn stalks – this corresponds to a wire cutting through the field lines at right angles giving a large voltage.

At positions B the blades are sliding along the corn stalks – not cutting them. This corresponds to a wire moving along the lines of the magnetic field and not producing a voltage.

The difference between this anology and a wire in a magnetic field is that the corn stalks are cut down while the magnetic field is not destroyed. You have to imagine very fast growing stalks that grow back in place as soon as they are cut down!


Theory (A level only):
EMF generated = BLvsinθ where θ is the angle between the wire and the field lines, L the length of the wire, v the velocity of the wire and B the magnetic flux density.
 

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© Keith Gibbs 2020